狐狸貓與小數蛙 Foxy Cat and Froggy 找了一個風和日麗的假日去露營 choose a sunny day in their vacation to go camping 準備好好享受他們的悠閒時光 and enjoy their leisure time. 到了露營區後 After arriving at the campground, 兩人快速的將帳篷搭起來 they quickly set up their tent, 並把行李放好 unpack their things, 就去準備今天晚上的料理 and prepare some food for their dinner. 兩人決定要各自煮一道自己的拿手菜給對方吃 They decide to cook their signature dishes for each other. 狐狸貓準備做自己最愛的料理「烤魚」呢！ Foxy Cat prepares his favorite dish of grilled fish! 經過了一段時間後 After a while, 小數蛙已經清洗完食材回來 Froggy returns after washing some ingredients. 也迅速的生好火準備要料理了 He quickly makes a fire and gets his grill ready to cook. 然而狐狸貓因為火太小 On the other hand, the flame of Foxy Cat’s grill is too low, 所以還沒開始進行料理 so he still can’t start cooking. 進度落後一大截 He’s well behind on his schedule. 狐狸貓慌張的都快哭了出來 Foxy Cat is almost panicking to the point of crying. 連忙向小數蛙求救 He asks Froggy for help: 有什麼方法可以幫助木炭燃燒更劇烈呢？ “Is there any way to make my charcoal burn faster?” 你答對了嗎？ Did you answer correctly? 答案是用扇子或紙板對木炭搧風 The answer is to fan the flames on the charcoal with a fan or piece of cardboard. 如果將木炭緊密疊在一起 If the coals are packed closely together, 火源只能燒到附近的木炭 the fire only burns the nearby coals 且不易讓空氣流通 because air cannot pass through them easily. 火勢很難加速增長 In this case, it’s difficult to make a bigger flame. 更不用說灑上水 Obviously, spraying some water 只會讓木炭降溫或火勢變小、被澆熄 will only cool the charcoal or put out the flame. 小數蛙拿了一支扇子給狐狸貓 Froggy gives Foxy Cat a fan, 要他對著火堆搧風 and asks him to fan the flames. 這樣火勢就會變劇烈了 This way, the fire will burn more intensely. 狐狸貓奮力的搧著 As Foxy Cat is busy fanning the flames, 他發現到一件奇怪的事情 he notices something strange. 就是當他用力搧風的時候 When he fans with great effort, 火勢會瞬間變大 the fire suddenly burns more strongly, 但是當他休息不搧風的時候 but when he doesn’t fan the flames, 火勢就會變弱 the flames get weaker. 狐狸貓覺得疑惑 Foxy Cat is confused. 為什麼明明都是燃燒 Why, if the fire keeps burning, 卻有著劇烈程度的不同呢？ are there different intensities of flames? 小數蛙帶著狐狸貓一邊搧風　一邊觀察火勢的大小 Froggy and Foxy Cat continue to fan the flames while observing the fire. 小數蛙說這是因為搧風會將更多空氣引入 Froggy says, “Fanning adds more air to the fire. 使得更多的氧氣能與高溫的木炭起反應 So, more oxygen reacts with the charcoal at high temperatures. 使木炭燃燒更劇烈 It also makes the charcoal burn hotter and 火勢更旺盛 the flames increase in size. 此時的反應速率變得更快 In this case, the reaction rate increases.” 狐狸貓好奇的問 Foxy Cat wants to know 反應速率？ what a reaction rate is. 是指反應會有移動的現象嗎？ Does the reaction refer to the movement of an object? 小數蛙推了推眼鏡 Froggy adjusts his glasses 笑笑地說 and says with a smile: 狐狸貓常常想到很有創意的答案呢！ “Foxy Cat always comes up with such creative answers!” 他請狐狸貓先回想一下 He asks Foxy Cat to recall 我們如何具體的描述一個物體移動的快或慢 how to describe the speed of a moving object precisely. 就像是我們測百米賽跑時 For example, when people run 100 meters, 跑得快的人所需要的秒數就會較少 fast runners only need a few seconds. 所花費的時間比較多　就代表速率慢 The longer it takes to run 100 meters, the slower the speed is. 而反應速率就是描述反應特定現象產生的快慢程度 The reaction rate is the speed at which a specific reaction takes place. 例如我們可以利用反應過程中 For example, during a reaction process, we can use 生成物沉澱量多寡、 easily observable states like amounts of precipitation, 顏色變化或氣體增減量 color change, or increasing or decreasing amounts of gas 等容易觀察的狀態來比較反應速率快慢 to compare reaction rates. 在這裡 In our example, 我們觀察到搧風導致火勢變得更大 fanning makes the flames burn more intensely. 這也就代表著反應速率更快 That is, the reaction rate is increased. 費了一番功夫 After a while, 狐狸貓終於將火順利生起來了 Foxy Cat finally succeeds in making a fire. 但狐狸貓發現 He then remembers that 平常在家裡廚房料理魚的時候 when he cooks fish in his kitchen at home, 魚放下去很快的就能煎熟 the fish cooks quickly. 但在營地因為火比較小 The grill fire at the campground is small, 放下去很久 so even though it has been grilled for a long time, 都沒有熟 the fish is still not completely cooked. 為了可以趕快吃到好吃的烤魚 In order to eat the delicious grilled fish sooner, 狐狸貓該如何增加魚肉變熟的速率呢？ how can Foxy Cat speed up the fish grilling process? 想到答案了嗎？ Do you know the answer? 答案是將魚肉切小塊薄片後再烹飪 The answer is to cut the fish into small slices before grilling it. 雖然幫魚肉按摩可能會增加肉質的口感 Massaging the fish may soften the meat of the fish, 但這樣做不太會影響反應速率 but this does not affect the reaction rate. 而抹上鹽巴是為了去除腥味 Rubbing salt on the fish removes its fishy smell, 但是灑上電解質 but applying electrolytes to the fish 無法讓魚更快熟 does not make the fish cook faster. 狐狸貓展現了他身為大廚的精湛的刀工 Foxy Cat uses his professional knife skills as a master chef 三兩下就把魚給切好了 to quickly cut the fish into slices. 狐狸貓一邊烤一邊說明原理 He explains the principle as he grills the fish: 透過加熱 “Through heating, 從生肉變至熟肉 as the raw meat gets cooked, 會改變原本的性質 its original state changes. 這段過程也是化學反應的一種 This process is a kind of chemical reaction. 當我們把一隻完整的魚 Now we have a whole fish. 切成多塊薄片再進行料理的時候 When we cut it into slices before cooking, 會讓原本魚肉可以接觸熱源的表面積變大 the heat increases the surface area of the fish meat exposed to the heat source. 而當表面積變大時 The more surface area there is, 反應速率就越快 the faster the reaction rate is. 魚肉也就比較快熟啦！ The fish can be cooked faster!” 小數蛙與狐狸貓共度了一個快樂的休閒時光 Froggy and Foxy Cat have a wonderful time. 但狐狸貓不小心準備太多食材了 But Foxy Cat accidentally prepared too much food, 就打算把它丟掉 so he wants to throw it away. 小數蛙為了不浪費食物 In order not to waste any food, 決定要把剩餘的食材帶回家再運用 Froggy decides to take the rest of the food home. 不過回家的路途遙遠 But the trip home is long, 回到家還需要一段時間 and it takes a while to get there. 而現在天氣炎熱 Besides, the weather is hot, 很容易讓食物腐敗壞掉不能吃 so the food will easily spoil. 狐狸貓還在琢磨方法時 While Foxy Cat is still thinking about how to deal with the food, 小數蛙靈光一閃 Froggy suddenly has an idea. 猜猜看小數蛙有什麼辦法 Guess what Froggy thinks of 可以讓食物慢一點腐壞掉呢？ to stop the food from spoiling so fast? 你想到了嗎？ Did you think of the same thing? 答案是在食材周圍放上冰塊 The answer is to put some ice cubes around the food. 因為透過冰塊降溫 Cooling it with ice cubes 可以讓食物腐敗的速度減緩 can stop the food from spoiling so quickly. 就像是我們把吃剩的東西放入冰箱一樣哦！ It’s just like putting leftovers in the fridge! 可以減緩腐敗速率 It keeps the food from going bad so quickly, 延長保存時間 which gives it a longer shelf life. 狐狸貓與小數蛙享受了一個愉快的周末 Foxy Cat and Froggy enjoy a wonderful weekend. 開心的啟程回家 Now they are happily going home. 這一趟露營 On this camping trip, 學習到很多生活上實用的技巧！ they have learned many practical skills for everyday life! 最後　來整理一下 Last of all, let’s sum up 今天和小數蛙與狐狸貓一起學到的重點吧！ what we have learned with Froggy and Foxy Cat! 反應速率就是指反應的快慢程度 The reaction rate is the speed of a reaction. 通常相同容器內反應物的量越多 The more reactants there are in a container, 反應速率越快 the faster the reaction rate will be. 同質量的物質 If the same mass of a substance is sliced up, 若切分的越小 the smaller the particle sizes are, 總表面積越大 the more surface area there is, 反應速率越快 and the faster the reaction rate will be. 通常溫度越高　反應速度就越快 The higher the temperature, the faster the reaction rate, 反之則越慢 and if the opposite is the case, the reaction slows down. 同學們都有烤肉的經驗吧！ Do you have any experiences of barbecuing food? 在烤肉時 When you have a barbecue, 如果有下面這幾種木炭的擺法 which of the following ways of arranging the charcoal 你會選擇哪種呢？ would you choose? 歡迎在影片下方留言分享你的看法哦！ Feel free to share your answers in the comments section below!